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Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a procedure where elastic bands are applied to the internal haemorrhoid at least 1 cm above the dentate line. These eventually slough off within a week. This is a relatively painless procedure unless the band is placed too close to the dentate line. If this occurs, intense pain may result.

Rubber band ligation (RBL) is most suitable for small internal haemorrhoids with success rates of over 50%. Larger haemorrhoids may be better treated by other methods.